Sources and translations

This blog provides our draft translation of Carolingian texts, mostly linked to Hincmar of Rheims or the divorce of Lothar II and Theutberga.


The texts translated are as follows:


Page references are given in square brackets in the translation. All these translations are works in progress and have not been checked for errors or readability. Readers are strongly advised to check the Latin text themselves.


Thursday, 3 January 2008

Appendix: interrogatio 6. On the supremacy of Lothar in his kingdom.

[246] Some wise men say that this prince is the king, and is subjected to the laws and judgements of none except God alone, who constituted him as king in the kingdom which his father left to him. And that if he should wish, he will go to a placitum or a synod for this or that matter, and that if he should not wish, he will freely and legitimately leave off doing so. And just as he must not be excommunicated by his own bishops, so he is not able to be judged by other bishops, since he is subjected to the supremacy of God alone, from whom alone he was able to be constituted in supremacy. And what he does and how he is in governance is at the command of God, as it is written, “The heart of the king is in the hand of the Lord: whithersoever he will, he shall turn it”.

Appendix: Interrogatio 5. Concerning the wife of Boso.

[244] And concerning the wife of Boso, about whom Boso himself complained at Koblenz, and who afterwards came to this king and stayed under his power. Some people say that he did wrong since he did not return her to her husband when he could have done. And others say that it was not appropriate that he should hand over to death his relative who came to his faith, nor was it fitting that he should oppress a Frankish woman and compel her like a slave girl, and return her to someone if she did not want it. And others say that if he would wish to return her, she will go to the Vikings, and it is better that he allows her to live among Christians, and amongst them to free her life which the other man wants to take from her.

Appendix: interrogatio 4. Some sinister insinuations.

[242] They say moreover that if it were not permitted to this king to take another wife, or the concubine he now has, and that his wife were to be judged to return to him whether he will it or no, then he would come up with such a plan so that he would be freed of her and would not have to come back to judgement about it again.

Appendix: Interrogatio 3.

[239] And some say that there are no archbishops, except the pope, of greater authority than those who settled this matter, and if it were brought back to judgment, and it were found that the matter should not stand as it is, then the bishops who judged it would not be able to remain in the episcopacy any longer.

Appendix: Interrogatio 2.

[237] Some also say that there is neither authority nor reason why this matter which was settled by the judgement of bishops should be called back to judgement, because if this happened, the bishops who decided it will be as of no authority for other matters, and whatever they decide in the future will not be able to be so firm so that it cannot be retracted.

Appendix: interrogatio 1. Is this just Lotharingia's business?

Some say that since King Lothar has bishops and noble and faithful laymen in his kingdom, by whose advice and counsel he settled the matter between himself and his wife, that to retract anything from this does not pertain to the bishops of another kingdom, or to anyone else.

Appendix: introduction

[235] Finally, what follows are seven questions which we were given to resolve around six months after the ones discussed above, sent from the same people. Just as in the preceding ones, we insert the questions before the answers one at a time, responding as briefly as we can; and explaining as if compressed into a box, so that the careful man can understand so that he can embellish on them more fully; and so that we might not shut out the innards of charity from the petitions of the brethren, and offer to the wise man according the scripture the chance to be made wiser, when investigating more fully these things he seeks to understand them. And in the few little hours which we have extorted more than loaned from our multiple and very various occupations, for we do not have thoughts of leisure [?], we have done what might suffice and will not enrage the reader, since the size of the responses to these questions would wholly exceed the width of a volume. The beginning of thse questions is as follows:
“We beg of your Goodwill, that you will not find it tedious if we importunately persist in asking about things necessary for us to know. For after we recently sent questions to you for resolution, we found out about many things, concerning which we earnest ask for your responses, one at a time and individually, from the authority of scripture and canon law, and from the doctrine of the doctors of the church.”